Hope for pluralism in the military
Q: What is the proper role of religion -- and personal religious belief -- in the U.S. armed forces? Should a particular religious affiliation disqualify someone from active military service? How far should the military go to accommodate personal religious beliefs and practices?
In the wake of the horror of Fort Hood, I argued that the faulty construct that there exists a "Muslim world" ends up implicating lunatics of that "world" when they act out as Maj. Malik Nidal Hasan allegedly did last week. As long as many prominent Muslim voices see Islam as a civic institution rather than a means to a personal relationship with God; as long as influential Muslim leaders long to live under the strictures of Sharia through governmental backing; as long as political Islam is seen in conflict with the principles of democracy; and as long as there are violent voices aspiring for a global wave that establishes a world ruled under the Islamic crescent, then the likes of Maj. Nidal end up reflecting on that Muslim world.
Fortunately, voices within the Muslim community, such as those of Dr. Zuhdi Jasser of the American Islamic Forum for Democracy and Iftekhar Hai of the United Muslims of America Interfaith Alliance are rejecting this trap and articulating the rise of a new perspective within the community of devout Muslims.
Collectively, a national introspection is ongoing as we try to make sense of Maj. Hasan. What stresses conspired to lead this American into the abyss? Religious fervor, stress of deployment, conscientious objections? More insidiously, we hear allegations of religious intolerance within the military. Is our own military, that is fighting against the religious extremism roiling other lands, ignoring the rise of an evangelical extremism of its very own? Do our army chaplains and navy commanders, for example, privilege one religion over another and promote a climate of religious preference?
I sought, then, to gain the perspective of Hindu American soldiers with combat experience. Of Indian origin, these men add to the diversity of our armed forces, and subscribe to a religious tradition less represented, poorly understood and too often regarded as exotic and alien. If bigotry, intolerable evangelization and pervasive religious bias exists in the military, they should know.
As these soldiers reflected on their experiences, I was struck by their commitment, loyalty and commitment to service. J. Ashwin Madia, a former Marine who served in Iraq, famously translated that commitment to a run for U.S. Congress from suburban Minneapolis as the Democratic nominee last November. Falling short of victory in a long-time Republican district by a few percentage points, he is a practicing attorney in Minneapolis.
"I didn't feel pressure to pray, go to Church, or pretend to believe something I didn't," he told me of his time with the Marines. And while there is a dearth of chaplains belonging to other faith traditions, Madia found the chaplain to be a steady guide to soldiers subjected to untold pressure. "The chaplain never tried to 'convert' anyone or pressure people into a religious faith," he added.
I also heard from Lt. Rajeev Srinivansan, a Platoon Leader for Attack Company, 2-1 Infantry out of Fort Lewis, Washington, currently in theater in Afghanistan. A West Point graduate, his experiences are all the more poignant: born in India, he was raised in the same Roanoke, Va., that Hasan called home, belonging a faith different than those of his peers. A practicing Hindu and lifelong vegetarian, Lt. Srinivasan has written before of his faith and the solace and inspiration it offers every day at war.
Both boys from Roanoke, of immigrant families and minority religions, joined the military. Where did the paths diverge that one serves his nation with pride and honor, while one stands accused of the horrors of fratricide?
"To me, this issue is not about religious intolerance [in the army] but a weakness of identity," Lt. Srinivasan tod me. "I think Major Hasan's actions show his inability to reconcile his spiritual and ethnic callings with his choice of military service--that is a challenge that the Army can only help with, but surely is not responsible for."
Srinivasan also extolled the work of the chaplains he works with and told me that, in fact,"the Army has been more supportive of my religious beliefs than any other institution I've ever worked with and my chaplain was able to acquire travel copies of the Mahabharata and the Bhagavad Gita [Hindu scripture] for me to take to Afghanistan."
These are two experiences out of many, and this is not to say that aggressive Christian proselytization is absent in the military. Reports abound of attempts to inculcate into the ranks of the "saved" as early as ROTC training according to the claims of the Military Ministry with chapters at every major military installation in this country.
As a project of the supremely well-funded and powerful Campus Crusade for Christ International, the Military Ministry and similar organizations have created a network of access to fresh recruits and military officers that threatens the very fabric of the institution. Not many would disagree that ministering to the needs of soldiers and their families is a fundamental need and right, and chaplains traditionally fulfill this need. But when ministering turns to proselytizing and privileging one faith over another, and when the tens of thousands of Jews, Muslims, Hindus and Buddhists proudly serving their country are rendered the "other," highly imperative troop cohesion and morale is compromised.
The personal practice of religion, I believe, should be encouraged and facilitated for our soldiers. The stresses of war--the fear, isolation and trauma are unmatched. And Madia and Lt. Srinivasan exemplify the finest traditions of our military. They thrived practicing their faiths from West Point to Iraq and Afghanistan, and their Hinduism and Americanism never conflicted.
Hence, I reject the notion that intolerance or bias in our military goes to absolve Maj. Hasan. No amount of stress, no amount of alleged Islamophobia, should lessen the fault wholly belonging to the Fort Hood shooter. I will not join in the hand-wringing and justification that the media will eagerly offer to excuse the inexcusable; intolerance, bias and extremist ideology may explain, but does not excuse.
Rather, Hasan was a man who chose to subscribe to an Islamist extremism and insane anger that inspires the very enemy that our nation's finest are fighting in Afghanistan--and not most of the 20,000 Muslim soldiers proudly serving the U.S. today. Muslim Americans will have to dialogue as to how to silence the voices in Islam that drove Hasan, and amplify the enlightened voices of the devout such as Jasser and Hai.
Maj. Hasan and Lt. Srinivasan's paths diverged radically leaving Roanoke some years ago. I suggest that we understand and celebrate the latter's path to faith, reconciliation and military service.
Views expressed here are the personal views of Dr. Aseem Shukla, and do not necessarily represent those of the University of Minnesota or Hindu American Foundation.
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Aseem Shukla
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November 11, 2009; 12:33 PM ET
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Posted by: vedicupvan | November 15, 2009 9:36 AM
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Well said Dr. Shukla:
"As long as many prominent Muslim voices see Islam as a civic institution rather than a means to a personal relationship with God; as long as influential Muslim leaders long to live under the strictures of Sharia through governmental backing; as long as political Islam is seen in conflict with the principles of democracy; and as long as there are violent voices aspiring for a global wave that establishes a world ruled under the Islamic crescent, then the likes of Maj. Nidal end up reflecting on that Muslim world.
Muslim keep trying to have it both ways: ignoring the intrinsic relationship between Islam and violence while trying to claim citzenship in the "Islamic world". It is not about who is a "true muslim" or "false muslim"; the question is what does the Koran say to muslims like Maj. Hasan.
CH.9 VERSE 5: "SO WHEN THE SACRED MONTHS HAVE PASSED AWAY, THEN KILL THE IDOLATERS WHEREVER YOU FIND THEM, AND TAKE THEM CAPTIVES AND BESIEGE THEM AND LIE IN WAIT FOR THEM IN EVERY AMBUSH."
[9.14] FIGHT THEM, ALLAH WILL PUNISH THEM BY YOUR HANDS AND BRING THEM TO DISGRACE.
[9.29] FIGHT THOSE WHO DO NOT BELIEVE IN ALLAH.
It is clear that Maj. Hasan followed the Koran. Is he a true muslim?
Posted by: clearthinking1 | November 14, 2009 10:47 PM
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Hello Navin,
Thank you for your response. I quite liked it.
For clarity, I am not seeking to absolve Maj. Hasan of his responsibility for his choices or actions. I am looking to illustrate the complicity of influences that we experience in life.
Along the lines of your input, Maj. Hasan may end up being a 'martyr' to a cause of good, even if through an evil act. What good may come of this we do not know yet. What evil may come, as well, is unknown. These will have effect.
There seems little to suggest that Hasan was living that moment as a pure one, lacking judgment. Therefore, it would be karmic. It is unfortunate that these types of crimes are common, and may continue to be, until not only the Muslims preforming them but the 'infidel' being the target of them, learn and evolve to an understanding that allows them to no longer need to repeat that experience.
Posted by: justillthennow | November 12, 2009 2:20 PM
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Justtillthenow
yes and no. In Vasistha yoga Rama asks what is the effect of karma on one's actions. Vasistha answers (paraphrasing from memory) that if you give up your free agency then you are subject to karma and the forces of the world and time push you as if there is a fate operating on you. But once you choose your actions, you take full responsibility for being who you are, then you are free of karma. In this state past and future are less meaningful than living in the now.
But this state is a heroic way of living and only a few people reach this level of freedom - to live in the now, knowing the cause and effect of things, transcendent to the force of past and future karmas.
So to directly consider your question, no doubt that those who participated in the formation of himsic karma are responsible for downstream effects (even to the idea that obesity is a cause of starvation due to down stream effects of altering demand and scarcity / price of food). But ultimately it is up to the individual to say, "I am responsible for my actions, fully."
My own thoughts are to add a "karmic field" to this idea. (And there is now scientific evidence of this type of field, ie knowing someone who knows someone who is fat increases your chances of being fat even if you don't know the fat person.) So the karmic field has a hypothesized log decline from the action / event / choice within the karmic field. But that is not a decline in time but in causality. Thus I as a willing tax payer in the US am responsible for the war in Iraq even if I say I am against it. But my responsibility would be about 1/population of the US times a quadrinomial factor of (voted against bush, voted for bush, did not vote, could not vote) - k(outspokenness against the war) + willingness to pay taxes + political power to effect change...
In this way Bush and Cheney hold the greatest responsibility, those who voted for them more responsibility, those who voted against less, those who did or could not vote and intermediate responsibility...
Likewise, a parent or priest contributes to the moral and spiritual development of their child / alter boy. the fact that they sodomized that child and reduced the likelihood that that child would develop healthy ability to express spirituality in the world, does result in some of the himsa that child grows up to propagate. (and the good as well) But the child that has grown up to act freely ultimately bears the greatest responsiblity (in a log fashion in my hypothesis) for his actions even though forces contributed to his ignorance. (Please remember that I agree with the Ramayana and Gita - no one is hated by god, no one is condemned to eternal damnation due to this judgment; it simply reflects the force of karmic (ergo temporal) law).
Also do remember, I have no proof for such a hypothesis but it is testable.
hariaum
Posted by: Navin1 | November 11, 2009 9:47 PM
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"Hence, I reject the notion that intolerance or bias in our military goes to absolve Maj. Hasan. No amount of stress, no amount of alleged Islamophobia, should lessen the fault wholly belonging to the Fort Hood shooter. "
We know that the great majority of abusers were abused, most pedophiles were molested while young, rapists were raped or otherwise beaten in their youth. These people mostly did their crimes in a so-called sane state of mind. Ok. They are tried and convicted (or should be), sentenced and punished for these crimes. As it should be.
Are the perpetrators that caused injury to these up and coming criminals in their upbringing not somehow culpable to these crimes, as well?
Do we not somehow consider that the black man or woman of the 40's and 50's, insulted and abused and prejudiced against for their color throughout society, and spurned, have righteous reason for indignant anger at their treatment, even years later? Did that treatment not push some of them toward crime, or performing that anger in violence against the society that reviled them?
Just a few questions.
Posted by: justillthennow | November 11, 2009 5:10 PM
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I do not know that
"Hence, I reject the notion that intolerance or bias in our military goes to absolve Maj. Hasan. No amount of stress, no amount of alleged Islamophobia, should lessen the fault wholly belonging to the Fort Hood shooter. "
"I will not join in the hand-wringing and justification that the media will eagerly offer to excuse the inexcusable;..."
I am sure that some in the media are seeking to justify Hasan's actions, or excuse them. I am all the more clear that some in the media are skewering that 'alleged' shooter, (one thing that seems clear is that this man murdered his comrades with no warning), while re-directing any wider scope of possible guilt.
I am not interested in clearing this man of murder, assuming he committed those murders and is guilty of them. However it is utterly reasonable to cast a wide net in seeking causes and assessing blame.
Mr. Shukla talks to two Hindi ex-military friends to find their input and, hearing of no religious prejudice or bigotry from their testament, claims none must exist. Is this a 1st grade recess pole that he thinks will serve as a blanket generalization? I find little value here, outside of the endorsement of a strong moral character steeling one through adversity. That holds water, and Hasan may have finally run aground in his tumultuous waters. We shall see as this progresses.
One question for Shulka, though. To what degree does he feel that the dynamics of opposition and irreconcilability are equitable when comparing the relationship that Evangelical Christianity has with Hinduism and with Islam?
Posted by: justillthennow | November 11, 2009 4:28 PM
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"But when ministering turns to proselytizing and privileging one faith over another, and when the tens of thousands of Jews, Muslims, Hindus and Buddhists proudly serving their country are rendered the "other," highly imperative troop cohesion and morale is compromised."
What a strange excerpt to highlight on the All Panel page, since this piece has so little to do with it otherwise.
Posted by: edbyronadams | November 11, 2009 1:48 PM
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AUM.
The Vedas, most ancient scriptures in the library of man, enjoin on human beings to follow the DHARM. Dharm encompasses our thought and action from morning till night. It exhorts us to tred on the path of Righteousness.Dharm does not mean religion nor rituals. It is a broad encompassing code of conduct for the entire mankind.
Thos human beings who follow the tenets of the Vedas have no problem in dealing with inter-faith situations. The vedic Dharm is for entire mankind. The Arya Samaj, a socio-religious organization conducts meetings, discussions and chalks out a programme to serve the disaster struck humanity.
Vedic Dharm is the most secular way of living life. The conscience of its followers is clear and the subscribers to Vedic Dharm lead a healthy and happy life.
It would be a good idea for the Washington Post to organize a discussion on the Vedic Dharm and Mankind.
Please feel free to contact me on upvanom@yahoo.com Thanks.