Aseem Shukla
co-founder, Hindu American Foundation

Aseem Shukla

Associate Professor in urologic surgery at the University of Minnesota medical school. Co-founder and board member of Hindu American Foundation.

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Hinduism and Sanatana Dharma: One and the same

I will take Dr. Deepak Chopra at his word where he seeks to find common ground in our virtual debate as to the origins of yoga. Not willing to identify himself as a Hindu, Chopra is content to accept the term, Sanatana Dharma, as the source of yoga and the Vedantic wisdom he propagates. "Yoga belongs to the whole world [and] represents a great gift from Hinduism...," he writes.

This is indeed a momentous step in our exchange, as Chopra now agrees that all the eternal wisdom--including yoga!--that he cherishes, packages and distributes may have come out of the "consciousness" of Hindu saints and masters of yesterday and today.

Chopra is hardly the first to find it hard to openly identify himself a Hindu--perhaps cannot at the cost of compromising a solipsistic empire--just as Eckhart Tolle eschews the term "Hindu" while he admittedly parlays the copious works of the towering contemporary Advaita Vedanta Hindu master, Sri Ramana Maharshi. But readers here may know well that the term "Hindu" is simply the 12th century Persian abstraction referring to the people they found espousing Sanatana Dharma--the eternal way of life lived since time immemorial by the Indic civilization extant on the banks of the Indus (therefore Hindu) river. And over the ensuing years, the diverse followers of Sanatana Dharma that believed, as their progenitors always had, in the scriptural sanctity of the Vedas, in one all-pervasive Supreme Being which manifests and is worshiped in infinite forms or no form, the laws of karma, dharma, reincarnation and the ultimate goal of liberation, moksha, accepted the moniker of Hinduism.

Today, Sanatana Dharma and Hinduism are synonymous, and Chopra and I both agree that yoga is both part of and beyond this tradition. Indeed, we also agree that dharma is the means to the goal of self-realization, a transcendent state where ego, names, religion and identity are all superfluous. But therein lies the greatest point of contention between myself and Chopra.

For Chopra incomprehensibly condemns Hinduism as "tribal" and "one-eyed about being the only way to God," while I celebrate Hinduism as the original paragon of pluralism whose Vedas recognized eons ago that "Ekam Sat Viprah Bahudha Vadanti," or Truth is One, the wise call it by many names.

I am left stunned that Chopra would consider Hinduism to be "dogmatic" or "proprietary." Take not my words to define Hindu pluralism, but accept, the words of Swami Vivekananda's translation of a Vedic hymn that he delivered at the first World Parliament of Religions in 1893 as a self-described Hindu monk, "As the different streams having their sources in different places all reach the sea, so also paths which men take through different tendencies, various though they appear, crooked or straight, all lead to Thee."

Chopra conflates Hinduism with "orthodox trappings" when I see a tradition of infinite possibilities, indeed yogas, suited to the inclinations of the seeker: bhakti yoga, or devotion, for those passionate in their love for God; gyana yoga, or the path of knowledge for the contemplative and karma yoga for the active and industrious.

Chopra and I share an affinity to Sanatana Dharma, or Hinduism, but our narratives clearly diverge. An immigrant from India, he was not born and raised in the United States as was I. He never faced the innocently cruel queries of classmates that I faced and my children still answer today. "Do you speak Hindu too?"; "I saw on Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom that you Hindus eat monkey brains"; "You don't pray, you're not Christian"; "My father told me you're going to hell because you believe in millions of gods."

My work now, at the Hindu American Foundation for example, is simply to answer such questions on a national stage and provide the perspectives of those who claim Hinduism as their own. Chopra can talk of faith in the intellectual gobbledygook of New Age platitudes, but I would caution that such manifest evasion endangers credibility when readers seek wisdom from a guru who is authentic, sincere and engaged in their daily reality.

Our argument should not be defined over parsing of the terms "Sanatana Dharma" and "Hindu", or treating the latter as some sort of dreaded "H-word," but recognizing, perpetuating and sharing the sublime contributions--like yoga--of our common progenitors. There are no Sanatana Dharmists or Vedantins in today's world, but only a billion people around the globe and 2 million in the U.S. who call themselves Hindu. So the movement to claim yoga's Hindus roots does not merely speak in a whisper -- it is a silent majority finally beginning to find its voice. And in doing so, if Hinduism is better understood and appreciated along the way, children facing those questions I faced, may just answer a bit more clearly and, yes, proudly, adding another important layer to America's pluralism.

Views expressed here are the personal views of Dr. Aseem Shukla, and do not necessarily represent those of the University of Minnesota or Hindu American Foundation.

By Aseem Shukla  |  April 30, 2010; 10:25 AM ET Save & Share:  Send E-mail   Facebook   Twitter   Digg   Yahoo Buzz   Del.icio.us   StumbleUpon   Technorati  
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Before claiming copyright for Yoga, I request Shukla and group should pay for the copyright of using English langauge! After all it is not Indian. Indians use it and pronounce it in a very awkward way too. Can we call it 'rape of English langauge' as they call rape of yoga?
In India, I have not seen many people practising Yoga. Only the western people, who are crazy about new ideas, use some part of it as a method of exrcise. It has no spirituality or relgion in it. At best it has some commercial value, that is all.
Is acupuncture owned by the Chinese? Or karate? I dont think so.
The Hindus in America will speak about great principles, which are not practised neither in India nor here. The Western people will think the gurus, god men and women have some magical poweres and follow them (of course after paying.)
Hinduism is just another religion like Islam or Christianity with all the flaws seen in other religions.

Posted by: ggjey | May 12, 2010 12:07 PM
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My suggestion to the panelist: This type of "yogi-hood" (words in quotes are my characterization of the yoga act described in the web site below) needs to be talked about, more urgently. There is plenty of this going around.

http://mashable.com/2010/04/04/deepak-chopra-earthquake/

Posted by: viswasharma | May 4, 2010 11:07 PM
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Did you know how the unethical US Patent on the famous Indian Basmati rice was fought and won?

http://www.indianscience.org/dyk/t_dy_Q9.shtml

Posted by: futuralogic | May 4, 2010 9:34 PM
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Those quoted words are used by the Moderators of this blog (dated 2006). I understand they are referring to our times as “time of extremism”. I don’t believe they are referring to this topic.

Posted by: viswasharma | May 3, 2010 8:09 PM
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Why is presenting historical provenance or origin or source considered extremism? (Or fundamentalism as Deepak Chopra labeled A. Shukla). If that is the criteria anyone who looks at cultural traditions will be labeled extremists, fundamentalists or purists. Using such labels shuts the door from looking to the past, at the cultural history (myths & historical experience) or the perspective that comes from the place of origin.

Posted by: Zahlen9418 | May 3, 2010 3:01 PM
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Sir, futuralogic,

“Are you being silly or mischievous?” No, I am not. May be, I am born “silly”. I asked the panelists a question, after reading the Sally Quinn and Jon Meacham posting on November 9, 2006 10:19 AM.

I quote from that post to what interested me:

“And so, in a time of extremism -- for extremism is to the 21st century what totalitarianism was to the 20th -- how can people engage in a conversation about faith and its implications in a way that sheds light rather than generates heat? At The Washington Post and Newsweek, we believe the first step is conversation-intelligent, informed, eclectic, respectful conversation-among specialists and generalists who devote a good part of their lives to understanding and delineating religion's influence on the life of the world. ”

“We encourage readers to join the conversation by commenting on what our panelists have to say, offering their own opinions and suggesting topics for future discussions.”

Let us keep that spirit alive, please.

My question is not about who can become a yogi. You can write to me if you have answers. I will not contribute to your ire any more. This is the last post form me to you,

Viswa Sharma

Posted by: viswasharma | May 2, 2010 11:22 PM
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@vishwasharma

And I am positive that you are lazy to not explore and learn on your own such basic facts.

"about the chakras, the petals and the alphabets on then and how they are different for different religions, if they are different. If they are the same, all the people of the world would be same at least in the eyes of the seers of Vedas"

Is that your question? Are you really serious you are posing that? Are you being silly or mischievous? You should know by this time that artificial constructs like religions, per western definition of the word, don't limit possibilities of Yoga. Any human can become a Yogi!

Posted by: futuralogic | May 2, 2010 10:39 PM
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Dear futuralogic,
Thanks for yet another blog pointer. I am now positive you do not have an answer to my question.
Viswa

Posted by: viswasharma | May 2, 2010 6:55 PM
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@VISWASHARMA

"We need to understand what leads to that mass cheating and educate ourselves to avoid those mishaps"

Very good point. The answers are out there, as a seeker you should make efforts to find it. I would start with Shri Rajiv Malhotra's scholary pieces (http://rajivmalhotra.com/) You will not get to Yoga immediately but you will understand the big picture and where Yoga fits in, why anything Indic is misappropriated and such. If you like it discussion oriented, with 1000+ comments, please start with
http://rajivmalhotra.sulekha.com/blog/post/2002/07/the-axis-of-neocolonialism.htm Other essays from Shri Malhotra are also available in sulekha with comments.

Posted by: futuralogic | May 2, 2010 11:00 AM
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@VISWASHARMA

"it is in the interest of inter-faith understanding"

What inter-faith understanding you are talking about? If there is Abrahamic creed involved in this inter-faith activity as one of the parties then it's always a non-starter because of "My God is true, yours is false" racist premise emanating from Islamists and Christists. Unless and until they reliquish this dogma there is no hope of true inter-faith understanding, it's merely an exercise in futility. Of course they participate in such charades while their foot soldiers continue to harvest souls for their Gods by every means - fraud, deception, allurement, inducement and violence. Please read this once

Inter-faith Dialogue: Vatican in sheep's clothing
http://www.vigilonline.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1122&Itemid=1
http://www.vigilonline.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1124&Itemid=1

"There are two fraud cases, based on cheating, going on at present"

Can you tell me what you are alluding to?


"while we hear these lectures about ownership of Hinduism aka Santana Dharma"


I am stunned! Unless you used words carelessly these lectures are NOT about ownership, if even after 5 posts on this topic if you are not getting the core of it then it sounds like you are trying to obfuscate just like the infamous Deepak "How to Deconstruct, Repackage and Sell Hindu Philosophy Without Calling it Hindu!" Chopra is trying to do. He has his reasons, do you have one too?

Posted by: futuralogic | May 2, 2010 10:59 AM
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To Dr. Shukla,

WELL DONE.
Game, set, and match.

*********************

To Dr. Chopra,

As I wrote on your initial article, this non-Vedic, non-Sanskrit, non-Ancient, non-Yoga, non-Hindu shloka is best for you:

"You've got to know when to hold 'em
Know when to fold 'em
Know when to walk away
Know when to run"

You have shown your hand, and now it's time to quietly walk away.

Posted by: clearthinking1 | May 1, 2010 12:36 AM
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Dear futuralogic

Let me know when you have an answer please. (you can contact me: viswa.sharma@gmail.com, if you don't want to publish it). The site you mention does not provide answers to my questions. I visited it and sent them a thank note with my "infowish".

You have the right to your comments. But, please note my questions are for the esteemed panelists (and I understand that public is invited to ask them questions)

The question is a fundamental question and it is in the interest of inter-faith understanding. It is one thing to argue about who invented what in which religion and when, and who profited by it. But, it is a different thing to understand the utility of the "inventions" rather observation by those who possess that skill to observe, the mechacnis of the life on earth, the earth/world and the cause of that life and the earth/world.

I am not arguing that the source should be ignored. If any one is of the faith, they take the methods of observation on an oath of hypocrisy. Rest of us talk freely.
We also shoudl not condone the followers who cheat on a regular basis. There are two fraud cases, based on cheating, going on at present, while we hear these lectures about ownership of Hinduism aka Santana Dharma or Arsha Sampradaya (R’shi tradition). We need to understand what leads to that mass cheating and educate ourselves to avoid those mishaps.

Posted by: viswasharma | May 1, 2010 12:16 AM
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@ ZAHLEN9418

"I would be careful painting the whole society as racist which it is NOT."

Did I say whole society? But in Texas it's pretty close unfortunately!

Posted by: futuralogic | April 30, 2010 11:35 PM
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@ VISWASHARMA

Why are you trying to be lost in semantics. Yoga applies to all Human beings. But being a Yogi is no easy task. I don't think the Abrahamic creeds with their silly dogmas can achieve Yogic state. But if they do, they have dropped their dogmas along the way, good for everyone. Truly Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam!

http://hinduwisdom.info/Yoga_and_Hindu_Philosophy.htm

Posted by: futuralogic | April 30, 2010 11:33 PM
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Great, may be there will be calm after all. Is Dr. Chopra going to offer free service from now on or pay a penalty for his past deeds? (He was charged as profiteer from this culture)
The too hard to say word 'Sanatana Dharma', or the simple Hindu word, as both of these men agree follows yoga. The seers will indeed be pleased.
However, I am still waiting for answers to my simple question of Yoga by either of them: about the chakras, the petals and the alphabets on then and how they are different for different religions, if they are different. If they are the same, all the people of the world would be same at least in the eyes of the seers of Vedas. If we all agree, we can go about making that vision a reality in the land of the seers and elsewhere in the world.

Posted by: viswasharma | April 30, 2010 7:58 PM
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I would be careful painting the whole society as racist which it is NOT.

America still is one of the freest and most welcoming society. It has one of the diverse populations and they are making an attempt to understand what they are not familiar with. Americans are some of the nicest people that I have met.

In articles such as this Dr. Shukla is trying to present some aspects of Indian history. We need to be pro-active and be ambassadors of our heritage (including conveying the history of yoga in Hinduism) which is part of American story now and try not be reactive to every incident. We are all Americans too!

Posted by: Zahlen9418 | April 30, 2010 7:28 PM
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"He never faced the innocently cruel queries of classmates that I faced and my children still answer today"

Absolutely. Only a victim can feel the pain in this racist society. Check out this letter from a 14 year old Indian girl in Texas!

http://www.hvk.org/articles/1003/0.html

Posted by: soumyakumari26 | April 30, 2010 4:12 PM
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If we were to begin calling ourselves Sanatana Dharmapanthis tomorrow (as a matter of fact Swami Dayananda Saraswati considers everyone a Hindu by default) as Hindus are known in Punjab in contrast to Arya Samajis, Dee Chops would find some new label for himself.His obsession with labelling hides deeper flaws he has no intention of correcting. Aseem you are a practicing MD. thanks for taking the time and trouble to put Dee Chops in his place.

Posted by: thurgood | April 30, 2010 3:48 PM
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Why is DC afraid of using Hindu word? Usually immigrant Hindus are mild and shy but it should not take this long for him to shake it off, especially in these times of Obama. Unless you demand freedom you won't get one.

Posted by: soumyakumari26 | April 30, 2010 3:44 PM
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