Fashion, Freedom and Coercion
President Obama recently criticized a French law that prohibits Muslim girls and women from wearing body- and face-covering garments in public schools.But French President Sarkozy this week gave his support to attempts to bar Muslim women from wearing body-cloaking robes such as the burqa. What's your view? Is this a private religious matter or a public/government one? Is the burqa welcome in America?
President Sarkozy made what seemed to me this puzzling comment: "The burqa is not a religious sign. It is a sign of subservience, a sign of debasement." Of course, subservience and debasement are integral parts of many religions, with women usually featured as the subserved and debased.
In my Jewish Orthodox days, I used to recite the traditional morning prayer in which I thanked God that I was not born a woman. There were no such reciprocal prayers for women, who could not be counted as part of a required minimum (ten males, at least thirteen years old) to conduct a service. Also passages in the Christian Bible describe how women were made for the sake of man, and that women must keep silent and not have authority over men.
To me the essential issue regarding Muslim attire for women is one of coercion, not religious practice. But I'm reluctant to impose religious restrictions on people whose definition of freedom might be different from mine. If you ask Muslim women if they are coerced, most would probably say no. This could be because they have been taught that subservience is freedom, the freedom to live the life Allah wants for them. Still, as a nontheist, I see many odd practices promoted by most religions. For example, I wouldn't want to prohibit the pseudo-cannibalistic practice of eating the body and drinking the blood of someone who died a couple of thousand years ago.
There's yet another risk posed by President Sarkozy's desire to sacrifice certain religious freedoms for a greater good. In the burqa case, the cure could be worse than the disease. Muslim women prohibited by the state from wearing burqas outside might then be prohibited by their husbands from even going outside. How would President Sarkozy solve this problem?
By
Herb Silverman
|
June 24, 2009; 5:50 PM ET
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Posted by: DAN46 | June 26, 2009 8:38 AM
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The difference between Catholic nuns and Muslim women wearing burqas is that nuns can show their faces.
Posted by: Louise10 | June 25, 2009 6:51 PM
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These criticisms seem to miss Herb's point, I think. He has not said he is in favor of burqas; what he favors is free choice. His blog starts with an acknowledgment that religion has often been used to debase women. He states that for him coercion is the dividing line - so no, he's not arguing for women to be denied education, beaten, etc. What I read from his blog is that the problem of females being oppressed is difficult to deal with when cultures have vastly differing views of freedom, and that trying to do so using legislation can have undesirable consequences for the very women the law is intended to liberate. I don't think there is a "right" answer to this complex issue -- outlawing the burqa implies that the state has the power to tell us what to wear, and to deny the use of religious symbols it disapproves of. That's a dangerous precedent. Most of us wouldn't suggest Catholic nuns should be forced to give up their garments, even though their purpose is also to suggest subservience to a male figure. Why is it OK for nuns and not Muslim women? Probably because we see nuns as having made a free choice for that lifestyle. If there are Muslim women who like the symbolism of the burqa and wear it by choice, I have no objection to their doing so, even though I don't understand it and would never make that choice for myself. We do want to protect those women who are dominated and mistreated, but in those cases the burqa is only a symptom, not the real problem. It gets back to exactly what Herb says: this is about coercion, not clothing.
Posted by: maryellensikes | June 25, 2009 5:15 PM
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Thank alot! Oh, if only YOU and all other men were compelled to wear this thing! Then, I'm sure it would be banned as inhuman...what's lawful and reasonable for one would seem entirely different if others were compelled to live with the consequences also...
What a big man from your protected ivory tower! Why not start wearing your own burka today in solidarity?
Posted by: educated | June 25, 2009 3:48 PM
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Herb Silverman's comments do not seem very humanistic to me. Or rational.
A burqa totally effaces a woman, who is not even allowed to show that she is a human being. She is simply a moving robe. The burqa wearing woman almost certainly is one of her husband's multiple wives, subject to beatings by him if she doesn't comply with his wishes, and illiterate because she has not been allowed even basic education. She has no personal rights of any consequence. Please remember who these burqa wearers really are! How can Silverman believe that this is a knowledgeable choice by a woman based on any kind of real alternatives? A religion that does not allow a woman to show her face goes too far and the state should intercede.
Posted by: Louise10 | June 25, 2009 1:19 PM
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In answering this question another blogger, Nicholas Wright, laments what he sees as a specifically secular goal: to "push religion off the map." Ironic, then, to see secularist Herb Silverman urging caution in government restrictions on religious customs. Stereotyping the secular community isn't new, but I hope it will some day (soon?) be viewed just as disapprovingly as religious stereotypes. Government policy is unlikely to accomplish that -- it will take cultural pressure (the same ingredient needed to eradicate religious customs that degrade and debase).
Posted by: maryellensikes | June 25, 2009 12:39 PM
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This is a tough issue, but I think Herb is right. If we say people should be free, I suppose that means they should be free to choose to live under a repressive ancient belief system. I understand what France is trying to do, and to some extent I sympathize with it. But I don't think outlawing religious clothing is the way to solve the problem.