Violent 'Muslims' distort the tradition
What should we call terrorists, some of whom claim to be motivated by their religion? Can one be an Islamic terrorist? What about a Christian terrorist? Does what we call terrorists matter?
The position of WINEP reflects its own long standing interests interests as that of the Israeli government to obscure the primary drivers in the Israel-Palestine conflict which are political, the seizure and occupation of Palestinian territories which have been condemned by UN resolutions and major human rights organizations internationally and in Israel itself.
The more correct terminology would be to use the term terrorists or Muslim terrorists. The latter term, Muslim terrorists, indicates that the terrorists are self-described Muslims. In contrast, Islamic terrorists communicates the idea that the terrorism is a direct result of the religion of Islam itself. While the atrocities and acts of terrorism committed by violent extremists have connected Islam with terrorism, the Islamic tradition places limits on the use of violence and rejects terrorism, hijackings, and hostage taking. As with other faiths, mainstream and normative doctrines and laws are ignored, distorted, or hijacked and misinterpreted by a radical fringe. Islamic law, drawing on the Quran, sets out clear guidelines for the conduct of war and rejects acts of terrorism.
In most cases, political and economic grievances are primary causes or catalysts and religion becomes a means to legitimate the cause and mobilize popular support. Contexts (political and socioeconomic), not religious texts, politics not piety, are often the primary causes or drivers. Religious texts or doctrines provide the source for legitimation and mass mobilization. As Robert Pape's authoritative studies, See, Dying to Win, demonstrate regarding suicide bombers in most faiths, the primary driver is most often occupation. Religion becomes a means to legitimate and motivate.
Religiously motivated or legitimated violence and terror adds the dimensions of divine or ultimate authority, religious symbolism, moral justification, motivation and obligation, certitude, and heavenly reward that enhance recruitment and a willingness to fight and die in a sacred struggle. Yasser Arafat, leader of a secular nationalist movement (PLO and then PNA), used jihad and shahid (martyrdom). The Palestinian militia (not just the Islamist HAMAS) appropriated religious symbolism, choosing to call itself, the Al-Aqsa brigade, and drawing on notions of jihad and martyrdom.
By
John Esposito
|
July 14, 2010; 9:27 AM ET
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Posted by: archangelangel | July 22, 2010 12:35 PM
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“Islamic law, drawing on the Quran, sets out clear guidelines for the conduct of war...”
Islamic law, drawing on the Quran also sets clear guidelines for the initiation of wars. Not accepting the supremacy of Islam has historically been the rallying cry for the Muslim Arab imperialist wars. The Muslim prophet had sent letters to different rulers to submit to Islam, and then considered their noncompliance as an act of war; a tradition followed by his followers. You do not see much of this anymore simply because of their impotence.
Posted by: abrahamhab1 | July 18, 2010 10:30 AM
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Posted by: faith-on-space-ship-earth | July 17, 2010 7:03 PM
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"In most cases, political and economic grievances are primary causes or catalysts and religion becomes a means to legitimate the cause and mobilize popular support. Contexts (political and socioeconomic), not religious texts, politics not piety, are often the primary causes or drivers."
Dr. Esposito fails in this explanation to account for why the son of a wealthy construction contracter (bin Laden), the son of a well-to-do banker in Nigeria (underwear bomber Mutallab), and an American financial analyst making $70,000 a year (Faisal Shahzad) would engage in terrorist activity.
It seems to me that persons with these resouces available to them would be able to express themselves politically without trying to blow people up.
But then again, Esposito is forced to cover for the political agenda of Islam because he's essentially on the payroll of Saudi Wahhabi Islamists:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Esposito
"Esposito founded the Center for Muslim-Christian Understanding at Georgetown University and is its current director. The center has received a $20 million endowment from Saudi Arabian Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal "to advance education in the fields of Islamic civilization and Muslim-Christian understanding and strengthen its presence as a world leader in facilitating cross-cultural and inter-religious dialogue."
I'll believe the bit about "inter-religious dialogue" just as soon as Dr. Esposito starts pubically lobbying his Saudi bosses to allow non-muslim places of worship to be established in Saudi Arabia.
Posted by: EddietheInfidel | July 15, 2010 9:15 PM
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@fredskribent
In Jihad it is acceptable to destroy trees and dwellings of the Kafirs (take a look at Reliance of the Traveller, under rules of warfare under Jihad).
You quote 5.32. Why not give the full 5.32 and 5.33 to provide the full context?
005.032
YUSUFALI: On that account: We ordained for the Children of Israel that if any one slew a person - unless it be for murder or for spreading mischief in the land - it would be as if he slew the whole people: and if any one saved a life, it would be as if he saved the life of the whole people. Then although there came to them Our messengers with clear signs, yet, even after that, many of them continued to commit excesses in the land.
005.033
YUSUFALI: The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger, and strive with might and main for mischief through the land is: execution, or crucifixion, or the cutting off of hands and feet from opposite sides, or exile from the land: that is their disgrace in this world, and a heavy punishment is theirs in the Hereafter;
So you see, the Quran says that what you claim was asked of the jews and they disobeyed and continued excesses in the land and the punishment for that is in 5:33. What is meant by "those who wage war against Allah and his messanger"? Is refusing to accept Muhammad as a prophet waging war? Why don't you tell the people here?
There is a lot in the Quran that justifies terror, and that is why Bin Laden and crowd always win their arguments with those who want to lie about what Islam says in the Quran and the Sunnah.
The rub is always in the definition of an "innocent". Is a Kaafir innocent? Is a Murtid ( apostate ) innocent? Is a christian or a jew who opposes Islam by word an innocent? Under Sharia they are not.
Posted by: AKafir | July 15, 2010 3:05 PM
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When a Christian kills an abortion doctor, we know it is not the fault of all Christians. Yet every Muslim and all Islam is to blame for the horrific crimes some claim to commit in the name of Islam. It is impossible to find anything in Quran that would justify terrorism. Rather there are a lot of teachings in Islam that forbid it. When a Muslim fights in defense he cannot harm women, children, animals or trees. The Quran says, “If anyone slew a person unless it be for murder or for spreading mischief in the land it would be as if he slew the whole humanity: and if anyone saved a life it would be as if he saved the life of the whole humanity.” (Qur'an 5:32)
These terrorists are guilty of killing all humanity. The Prophet said, "A certain prophet was resting under the shade of a tree. An ant bit him. He instructed his belongings to be removed from there and immediately ordered the heap of ants to be turned. God revealed to him, `Was it not an ant that hurt you and you have ordered a full nation of ants to be destroyed who are engaged in the invocation of God? Was it not a single ant?'" [Narrated Abu Huraira] If we cannot kill an innocent ant, how can Muslim terrorists perform so horrific a crime against innocent human beings who were merely inside the World Trade Center area. On top of it, they killed themselves in the process and Islam clearly forbids suicide. "And do not kill yourselves. Surely, Allah is Most Merciful to you". (Surah An-Nisa Verse 29)
Posted by: fredskribent | July 15, 2010 1:25 PM
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@Muslim 1980....we are cutting and pasting to show facts, meanwhile you have given nothing but your opinion.
I challenge you to visit my site, and debate me on Islam. Bring Esposito with you....
http://loganswarning.com/2010/07/14/georgetown-professor-john-esposito-a-saudi-puppet/
Posted by: Christopher3 | July 15, 2010 1:17 PM
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C O M E - H O M E - B R A V E - B O Y' S & G i R L S! GO WEST LADS! GO WEST!
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B i N --- L A D E N --- I S --- D E A D!
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.. Credit To "JJ" .. @ .. http://onwapo.com/
Posted by: faith-on-space-ship-earth | July 15, 2010 10:18 AM
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Under Islamic Sharia it is permissible to cut down enemies trees and destroy their houses.
As shown earlier by others that Mohammad did not particularly care whether Kafir children and women were being killed during night raids.
Under the rules of Booty (spoils of war) that Muhammad said Allah made legal for him when it was not legal for any prophet before him: Any muslim in the battle is entitled to as much as he can get from the Kafir enemy that he has killed or incapcitated.
Imam Muslim Hadiath:
Book 019, Number 4332:
It has been narrated by Ibn ‘Umar that the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) sent an expedition to Najd, and I (also) went with the troops. We got camels and goats as spoils of war, and our share amounted to twelve camels per head, and the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) gave an extra camel to each of us.
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But then Esposito is too refined to be bothered by facts. The saudi riyals that fund his institute and his salary provide a comfortable veil to ignore simple truths.
Posted by: AKafir | July 15, 2010 1:21 AM
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Esposito posits:
“Islamic law, drawing on the Quran, sets out clear guidelines for the conduct of war and rejects acts of terrorism.”
One rebuttal of this claim is found in the following hadith
Volume 1, Book 8, Number 387:
Narrated Anas bin Malik
Allah’s Apostle said, “I have been ordered to fight the people till they say: "None has the right to be worshipped but Allah."
And the following Quran verse
008.012
YUSUFALI: Remember thy Lord inspired the angels (with the message): “I am with you: give firmness to the Believers:
I will instil terror into the hearts of the Unbelievers: smite ye above their necks and smite all their finger-tips off them."
There are plenty other similar jewels in the Muslim scriptures.
Posted by: abrahamhab1 | July 14, 2010 10:22 PM
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The reason why secular nationalists, such as Yasser Arafat, used religious symbolism and terminology is because Muslims do not differentiate between politics and religion. Islam is both a religion and a State. George Habash, who headed the other major Palestine party in the PLO umbrella, the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, never used religious terminology. As a Marxist he used Marxist terminology.
Posted by: abrahamhab1 | July 14, 2010 9:29 PM
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Esposito is wrong and here is a very recent example of why. The recent terrorist bombing in Uganda was by Somalis who want to impose Islamic Sharia Law in Somalia. The bombing is an attempt to get Uganda to withdraw its peacekeepers. So that bombing had nothing to do with Israel-Palestine. It had everything to do with imposing Islamic (Sharia) Law.
Maybe what links the terrorists is the desire to impose Islamic Sharia Law.
Hmmm, Islamic (Sharia) Law is the law of Saudi Arabia, and that is who pays Esposito's salary.
Posted by: PerpetuaofCarthage | July 14, 2010 6:29 PM
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John Esposito is a good scholar who has his facts correct in this article. The anti-Muslim bigots who are commenting on this article are misguided by the cut-and-paste-out-of-context "scholarship" of loony hate-mongering conspiracy websites.
Keep up the good work, Dr. Esposito!
Posted by: muslim1908 | July 14, 2010 5:21 PM
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Ok, you asked for it and here it is-definition of what is required of Believers, what is inadequacy and what is extremism:
'Umar Ibn 'Abdul 'Azeez said: Stop where the people have stopped! For indeed, they stopped upon receiving knowledge. The clear evidences would suffice them, and they were the strongest at manifesting them. If there were any merit in something, then they would be the most deserving of it. So if you say: 'It was introduced after them' , then no one introduces something into it except that he has opposed their guidance, and desired other than their example. They have described it from what was sufficient, and they have spoken concerning it - what sufficed. What is above them is excessiveness, and what is below them is inadequacy. Some people have fallen short of them, and so they have drawn away. And others have transgressed them, so they have become extreme. But indeed they were between these two (extremes) upon a straight path. [Reported by Ibn Qudaamah in Al Burhaan li Bayaanil Qur'aan (p. 88-89), as a statement of 'Abdul 'Azeez Ibn Abil Maajishoon and then he said: He related it's meaning back to 'Umar Ibn 'Abdul 'Azeez. al Haafidh Ibnul Jawzee in Manaqibul Umar Ibn Abdul Azeez (p. 83-84). al Haafidh Ibn Rajab Fadhlul Ilmis Salaf (p. 36)]
Posted by: safiyah111 | July 14, 2010 5:18 PM
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Esposito depends on the goodwill of the Saudi petro dollars. His opinions need to be evaluated with that in mind. He analysis before and soon after 9-11 was totally misleading, and mercifully he is no longer considered a reliable advisor by the security officials.
Posted by: AKafir | July 14, 2010 3:57 PM
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John Esposito is PAID BY THE SAUDIS, and paid very well, to cover for and excuse Islam, and the violence it preaches. Everything he says has to be taken with huge, boulder-sized grains of salt.
Posted by: LaLydia | July 14, 2010 3:23 PM
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@Nabihah....Islam is a religion of war, that allows lying and rape. Why don't you show up on my site and prove me wrong?
http://loganswarning.com/islam-101/
Georgetown Professor John Esposito a Saudi Puppet
http://loganswarning.com/2010/07/14/georgetown-professor-john-esposito-a-saudi-puppet/
Posted by: Christopher3 | July 14, 2010 3:02 PM
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I agree with this column. Please check out this article http://www.islamicsolutions.com/islam-the-peaceful-religion/
Posted by: Nabihah | July 14, 2010 12:43 PM
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Mr. Esposito is not telling us the truth.
Islam is a religion of war, that breeds terrorism.
008.012
YUSUFALI: Remember thy Lord inspired the angels (with the message): “I am with you: give firmness to the Believers:
I will instil terror into the hearts of the Unbelievers: smite ye above their necks and smite all their finger-tips off them.”
http://loganswarning.com/2009/12/13/islam-101-the-religion-of-war/
Islam has not been hijacked, as Mohammad himself was a terrorist.
Volume 4, Book 52, Number 220:
Narrated Abu Huraira:
Allah's Apostle said, "I have been sent with the shortest expressions bearing the widest meanings, and I have been made victorious with terror (cast in the hearts of the enemy), and while I was sleeping, the keys of the treasures of the world were brought to me and put in my hand." Abu Huraira added: Allah's Apostle has left the world and now you, people, are bringing out those treasures (i.e. the Prophet did not benefit by them).
Mohammad also did not care if women, and children were killed during night raids.
Book 019, Number 4321:
It is reported on the authority of Sa'b b. Jaththama that the Prophet of Allah (may peace be upon him), when asked about the women and children of the polytheists being killed during the night raid, said: They are from them.
Not facing Islam for what it is, is why we are losing this war. Mr. Esposito is part of the problem.
For more on the issue.
Posted by: Christopher3 | July 14, 2010 12:03 PM
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Sorry, but violence has always been the tradition of Islam, when it seeks to expand the territory it controls via all-inclusive Sharia that makes Muslims politically superior to non-Muslims. The Umma or Muslim Borg Hive grew for centuries until WWI knocked the Ottoman Empire out, causing Islam to put on sheep's clothing to maintain its territorial gains, until the creation of the state of Israel caused a breach in the Umma, and the U.S. invasions of the Middle East caused more, which caused Quran-thumping Muslims to respond with exactly what the Quran teaches, namely violence to seal the breach. So modern Muslim apologists who portray Islam as a religion of peace and violent Muslims as aberrations are just trying to spread disinfo., because Islam's idea of peace begins only after Sharia is set up and non-Muslims are put under subjection. Study Islam's history free online anytime with the Historyscoper and see for yourself its modus operandi at http://go.to/islamhistory
Posted by: tlwinslow | July 14, 2010 11:13 AM
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Everyone here is a hypocrite. Americans like to defend the very people they kill to make themselves feel better. Justify Islamic terrorists? It wouldn't be the same if your family was in the twin towers or in Iraq. Look at the comments here and then anything that involves the Catholic church and see the vast difference in inflection. I a muslim wouldn't think twice to blow himself up with you and your family and anyother innocent person and justify by allah deeming it righteous.