A bully in nanny's clothing
Q: Is there a problem with proselytism overseas by U.S. religious groups? Isn't sharing one's faith part of religious freedom? When does it cross the line into manipulation and coercion?
It is bad enough if bad information costs you the value of your 401-K, but worse if it costs your soul. Being told you are wrong is important at any time, but hearing that you might be wrong about critical areas is vital.
Who wants to be wrong about the big questions of life?
No friend would see such a major mistake being made without expressing his opinion. This is especially true in the area of religion. The highest compliment a person can pay is to share what he thinks is true about the very nature of reality and to show the courage to risk offense by confronting a friend with an error.
Freedom of religion includes the ability to argue for the truth and even necessity of your beliefs. If you are right, it is a moral necessity to tell your friends they are ruining their chances at true happiness. If you are wrong, then expressing your beliefs is a good way to test them.
When a friend shares his faith with me, it is a splendid opportunity for me to learn and grow even if I do not end up thinking he is correct. A good Mormon shared his beliefs with me and this led me to the fascinating study of those books Mormons hold to be scripture. A Catholic mentor suggested that I should join his church and this led to serious thought about the nature of religious authority and the structure of the church. While I did not end up agreeing with either of my friends, it deepened my own faith to dialog with them.
These conversations continue and run both ways!
Shutting up your critics is a great way to strengthen them. When pagan Rome started losing the intellectual argument with Christians, they tried to kill them. That never works. If Rome wanted to stop Christian ideas from spreading, they need better answers for their Christian critics. Refuting a Christian philosopher like Justin would have been more effective than making him: Justin Martyr.
No culture that suppresses the ability to share contrary faiths has confidence in its own values. It is a sign of Catholic confidence that one can openly advocate atheism in Rome and a sign of Islamic weakness that one cannot be openly Christian in Arabia.
Should there be limits to this expression of faith?
Public space should be open to the expression of faith and no faith. Government should not decide what views are "reasonable" and what views can be heard. If secular ideas can be expressed, religious people have the right to respond. If one group promotes religion, then the non-religious have the right to disagree.
"Manners police" are odious and a threat to free speech. The power to decide who is being mean is the power to become the bully in nanny's clothing. Adults don't need the government to protect them from the power of words.
While I must tolerate your practice of religion, and even its public expression, government should never force me to participate. I might have to wait while you pray, but I don't have to pray to your god.
European governments are getting many of these decisions exactly wrong. They forbid individuals from public expressions of faith, such as wearing religious articles of clothing, but then bow to demands that "offensive" cartoons not be published.
We should tolerate our neighbor wearing a cross, but he must tolerate his neighbor who wears a Darwin-fish T-shirt.
Of course, just because behavior should be legal does not mean it is ethical or effective. It isn't right to "hard sell" atheism or religion with false promises that it will solve all your problems, but people should be able to do so. The man who stands on a public street
in front of our local theater has a right to shout his sermons at us, but he is still being a bit of a boor.
Thank goodness in a country with limited government not all space is public. Private groups should be able to limit what happens in their midst. It is absurd when religious groups are forced to admit people they don't want as members. While argument and disagreement is good, it is not the only good.
Private companies should have the right to present the image they wish. While you can wear your religious T-shirt in the public square, a private company should be able to tell you to take it off.
In fact, private companies have the blessed American right to be stupid. It might be stupid to offend the Christian majority by insisting that none of your employees say, "Merry Christmas," but a company should be able to do so. It might look foolish to many for a company to start the day with prayer, but if the owner wishes it, then he can do so.
Private space is a chance for every man to fully try out his ideas of how to live and let his neighbors see how it goes. From his business to his home, a Southern Baptist should be able to try out his point of view for the rest of us. Every home, every private business, is a laboratory of what might work and what does not work for the broader
culture.
Such liberty is grand!
Private space also gives each man rest. I find riding the public subway, with all that noise and excitement, invigorating, but I would not want to vacation there. Private space allows my soul peace.
My home is my castle and I have a right to keep it, if I wish, a safe haven from other points of view. In fact, Socratic discourse of all kinds happens in my living room, but that is my choice. Obviously the right to private space is not absolute. There are some actions no community can tolerate, but government should be very slow to interfere in what happens in a man's home.
Public behavior is one thing, private another.
It is easy enough to find fault with the United States, but it mostly gets this tension right. At times our civil religion goes too far and at other times secularists pretend that they are the "neutral" or "merely reasonable" point of view. However, for the most part Americans are free to practice their beliefs and to express those beliefs in public.
My friends will keep praying that I find the truth of their faith traditions. My secular friends will keep arguing with me. I will keep telling them Jesus is Lord and that traditional Christianity is true using my best reason and personal experiences. Meanwhile, we should all unite in hoping that the American model, freedom of religion, spreads globally.
By
John Mark Reynolds
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March 5, 2010; 3:42 PM ET
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Posted by: DanielintheLionsDen | March 10, 2010 3:01 PM
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Mr. Reynolds,
You wrote:"we both have been given the right by our American (and overwhelmingly Christian) fathers and mothers to have this disagreement."
Your attempt to credit Christianity with the religious freedom we enjoy in America is incorrect.
Many founders and pilgrims were running away from the oppressive and intolerant tendencies of Christians in Europe to the new land. In addition, the Founding fathers were acutely aware of this same political and oppressive tendency of Christianity when they wrote the Bill of Rights. I don't think they were worried about Buddhists or Hindus getting on ships and going to far away lands to satisfy a strange urge to spread the word by any means necessary.
Contrast this with the role of the Pope during the Inquisition, the settling of the Americas, the Holocaust, the child molestations in Boston, Ireland, etc. and even today, the behavior of the current Pope's brother, Mr. Rathzinger. Do you a disturbing tendency? There is an ability to harm others (violence) while remaining self-righteous which is unique to Christianity & Islam.
As an American, I appreciate our freedoms thanks to secular political ideals.
As a scientist, I appreciate rationality and objective analysis.
As someone who has studied other spiritual traditions and history, I appreciate the uniquely tolerant philosophy and attitudes of Hindus and Bhuddhists.
For 2000 years, Christians have lived in India among Hindus trying to proselytize, often in an offensive and violent manner. Read about the Dutch in Goa and the British Missionaries during the last 200 years. It would be interesting to see some objective facts to substantiate your claim of Christians being slaughtered "in the name of Hinduism". Such claims are often made by Christians and usually turn out to be wrong or unrelated to Hinduism. This is similar to the "desecration of the Koran" claims often made by muslims to incite and emotional reaction.
Besides, the number of Hindus killed by the small number of Christians in India has far outnumbered the Christians killed. Over the last 2,500 years Buddhists, Jains, Jews, Christians, Sikhs, Zoroastrians, and Muslims have found refuge among the Hindus. Even the Dalai Lama was denied sanctuary by Christian nations in 1959, but found a home among the impoverished but principled Hindus.
The historical record of tolerance is indisputably and overwhelmingly in favor of Hindus and Buddhists versus Christians or Muslims for 2000 straight years. This is the wrong place for you to go in this conversation on proselytization.
Again, proselytization is unique to Christians and Muslims and a source of conflict and violence.
Posted by: clearthinking1 | March 10, 2010 12:29 AM
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Daniel,
Whenever I share my faith, I am open to being wrong. That is part of the joy of proselytizing. I might learn something!
John Mark
Posted by: johnmarkreynolds | March 9, 2010 4:45 PM
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JMR
If your claim is true that you find other people's beliefs to be fascinating, even though you consider them to be false, then I would not consider your discussion with them to be the same as proselytizing. A characteristic of proselytizing is the dismisal, on principle, of the beliefs of others, to be superceded by ones own. Only you can be the judge of your own conduct, and if you are alienating people or not, and only you can care about your own reputation.
Posted by: DanielintheLionsDen | March 9, 2010 4:10 PM
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Ralegesan,
Your data might be a bit outdated about missions. Korea is a major player in global missions and it is hard to think of the Koreans as major colonizers.
John Mark
Posted by: johnmarkreynolds | March 9, 2010 1:55 PM
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Daniel says:
"When in fact, neither represents truth; both are speculative in nature, which is different than ordinary truth and plain truth; religion is not ordinary and plain truth."
I say:
Religions claims (in propositional form) are (or should be) subject to normal tests for truth.
I think the opposing religious claims are false. We can have a cordial discussion.
You might think such discussions must lead no place. I have found them fascinating, clarifying, and helpful. Many find them persuasive and so convert to Christianity which is growing rapidly globally.
Other faiths are also growing and so things will shake out in the (hopefully) free market place of ideas.
John Mark
Posted by: johnmarkreynolds | March 9, 2010 1:26 PM
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The fact that you believe that your religion represents truth is its flaw. This flaw is pointed out by your opponent who believe that his religion represents truth.
When in fact, neither represents truth; both are speculative in nature, which is different than ordinary truth and plain truth; religion is not ordinary and plain truth.
Asserting that you have the truth is irritating to someone who believes just as firmly that he has a different truth, and it is irritating to people like me who do not recognize any kind of ordinary truth in religious speculation.
Promoting the truth of your religion only makes sense if you are engaged in a conversation with someone who is genuinely and sincerly interested in finding out about your beliefs, or if you think you may be helping someone in distress, who may need help and who has not help. If your goal is to irriate people, then go right ahead, but do not act like you are a harmless fellow while doing it.
Murder does not compare to proselytizing. Pointing out the bad religious practices of other religions does not justify our own bad practices.
Some good questions to ask oneself are:
what is truth?
what is knowledge?
what is belief?
But, of course, a person who confuses speculaation or even faith with truth is not going to be very interested in asking these kinds of questions; such a person just lurches on past these very important questions with never a care about good manners, respect, or tolerance.
Having good manners, respect, and tolerance does not mean that you are obligated to belief what other people believe and it does not mean that you must believe that there are no diffences.
Good manners, respect, and tolerance mean, very siimply, good manners, respect, and tolerance.
There are no "yes but"'s ... to it. It is not complicated at all.
Posted by: DanielintheLionsDen | March 9, 2010 11:40 AM
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It is perfectly fine to share one's religious values to people of other faiths as long as it doesn't fall into borderline nuisance. Most of the conversion in asia and africa are being done by people that had previously colonized and looted their wealth. Naturally, there is suspicion of intention. Not that the native faiths in africa or asia are not good enough to defend their faith. The people practicing native faiths in the poor countries do not have the wherewithal to protect their folks/faith against well-endowed missionaries.
Where people accept a faith other than their own, voluntarily and for spiritual reasons alone, is perfectly fine.
Posted by: ralagesan | March 9, 2010 11:36 AM
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A student of mine just returned from visiting a village where Christians were slaughtered in the name of Hinduism.
Nobody has a monopoly on misreading texts and acting badly.
An exclusive claim to truth isn't irrational per se . . . if it allows that other points of view may contain truths.
The Christian claim is NOT that other religions are totally false . . .but that Christianity is as true as anything we know.
We can come to this conclusion (like all human decisions) tentatively, but come to a conclusion we must.
The question is: is it?
The answer, as best I can see, is: "yes."
I may not like this (I did not at one period of my life), but it need not be irrational to come to this conclusion.
Your mileage may vary, but (hurrah!) we both have been given the right by our American (and overwhelmingly Christian) fathers and mothers to have this disagreement.
Posted by: johnmarkreynolds | March 9, 2010 10:50 AM
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The main source of the need to "share" or proselytize is the feeling unique to Christians and Muslims that they have the only right answer, right prophet, right book, right truth, or right way.
Isn't this fundamentally irrational?
Contrast this with the Rig Veda, the oldest spiritual text in the world and the basis of Hinduism and secondarily Buddhism.
Rig Veda: "Truth is One, but sages call it by various names".
This attitude towards Truth seems much more rational, decent, & tolerant. No claims of monopoly of the Truth or God; no supremacism or exclusion. No need for proselytization, violence, or conflict.
Posted by: clearthinking1 | March 9, 2010 12:51 AM
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I think that in the Christian practice of witnessing, there is such a thing as appropriate setting, good manners, and toleration for other views. To me it is very clear. I have absolutely no difficulty in knowing what is proper or improper. Many, many Christians also seem to know what is proper and what is improper.
But many do not. They are ones who cause the big stink about Christianity, and give all Christians a bad name. And if you seek to point it out to them, they can get pretty offensive, even defiant, saying that they are not in a popularity contest, that firemen do not practice good manners when rescuing someone from a burning building. But, I'm sorry to inform the uninformed, that converting an infidel to Christianity cannot compare to rescuing a person from a burning building.
I think that the principle is plain, simple, and clear; there is not a lot to say on it. When you are a pain in the butt and people want to run the other way when they see you coming, then you are a proselytizer.
Proselytizers are the bullies, not the victims. I get a little tired of all the bullies of the world feeling picked on when the fact of their bullying is pointed out to them, and they are asked to stop.
Posted by: DanielintheLionsDen | March 8, 2010 11:59 PM
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I was asked:
"Are you saying that your overtly benign description of a gentle "suggestion" about Christians being more "rational" in any way corresponds to the reality of proselytization today or in the past, anywhere?"
Well, yes. I am a Christian. I wish you were one. I am therefore witnessing to you . . . and so far as I know this fits the definition of "reality."
My University has a school of inter-cultural studies that is a global leader in this area and I have spent some time talking to leaders there. They agree that being gentle and open is good and so I do think my view of it fits at least one aspect of reality.
Are there bad missionaries? Yes. Have there been bad missionaries? Yes.
Generalizations that say all such folk are bad are silly.
Posted by: johnmarkreynolds | March 8, 2010 7:18 PM
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Mr. Reynolds,
You wrote: "So when I suggest to you that it would be more rational to be a Christian.."
Are you saying that your overtly benign description of a gentle "suggestion" about Christians being more "rational" in any way corresponds to the reality of proselytization today or in the past, anywhere?
May I suggest to you that your statement is an excellent example of deception (trying to change the definition of proselytization to sound more benign) and supremacist views inherent in Christianity and Islam ("more rational"). This combination of deception and supremacism is often seen among missionaries.
Have you honestly studied the foundation of Bhuddhism and Hinduism (Vedanta)? You will see a much more rational approach to spirituality, if you look with an open mind.
Posted by: clearthinking1 | March 8, 2010 2:08 PM
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It was written:
"Muslims & Christians don't seem to get the basics of goodness and spirituality. Pretending to be good while having an ulterior motive fools no one and is an act of evil."
So when I suggest to you that it would be more rational to be a Christian, it is an act of evil?
I might be wrong (I assume you think I am), but this is an act of evil?
Really?
John Mark
Posted by: johnmarkreynolds | March 8, 2010 1:35 PM
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Mr. Reynolds,
Please don't try to cloak the inherently violent nature of proselytization by obfuscating it with "freedom of expression" and "conversation and sharing" of ones' faith. Pause for a moment and listen to individuals and societies that have beem victimized by missionaries for centuries. Listen & try to empathize. See it and hear it from their side. It's an ugly, offensive, and violent history sugar-coated with sweet insincere words about charity and civilizing the inferior "others".
PROSELYTIZATION is a manifestation of the SUPREMACIST foundation of Christianity & Islam.
No one else has this serious flaw that Christians and Muslims have in their "religions" or spiritual systems. Buddhists, Hindus, Sikhs, Zoroastrians, Jews, Wiccans, Animists, etc.. are all trying to make themselves better, not trying to undermine others.
Conversion has caused some of the biggest problems in third world countries.
The "charity" and "kind deeds" are insincere and deceptive actions, and therefore, are acts of evil.
Muslims & Christians don't seem to get the basics of goodness and spirituality. Pretending to be good while having an ulterior motive fools no one and is an act of evil. This can eventually lead to crusades, inquisitions and suicide terrorism.
REMEMBER: Almost all religious conflicts in the world involve Muslims or Christians on one side or both.
Sneakiness, deception, conversion, undermining other cultures, etc... is offensive and nonspiritual.
You really feel the urge to do charity? Go to the inner city in America and help those in need. Look in your own family and help those who are depressed or drunk or angry.
Stop going to 3rd world countries and causing problems & hurting others.
Posted by: clearthinking1 | March 7, 2010 2:22 PM
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John,
"Sadly for you, the history of the United States is replete with references to God, trust in God, thanks to God, and other acts of civil religion."
By "acts of civil religion", are you referring to acts of a state religion -- the "Church of America", perhaps?
Posted by: PSolus | March 6, 2010 7:22 PM
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Daniel,
The question talked about"sharing one's faith" and that is the part I address.
We really don't disagree do we (on this particular topic)?
Tell me we can agree!
Your comment pal,
John Mark
Posted by: johnmarkreynolds | March 6, 2010 12:43 PM
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Bdunn,
Sadly for you, the history of the United States is replete with references to God, trust in God, thanks to God, and other acts of civil religion.
So unless we get a new history or purge any references to it, we shall all have to live with the nation we have.
You might also note that those nations that have officially purged God from their civil society have not (on the whole) been desirable places to live. Perhaps this is an accident (who knows for sure?), but pardon us if we don't get enthusiastic about the experiment!
John Mark
Posted by: johnmarkreynolds | March 6, 2010 12:40 PM
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Since you brought up "in God we trust," I think it is funny that this slogan must appear on money. Of all things, MONEY should be the very last place where these words should appear. Of the six billion people in the world, am I, alone, the only one who notices the irony of fighting over such a silly thing?
Posted by: DanielintheLionsDen | March 6, 2010 11:31 AM
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In God We Trust? Whose god? Trust what god? I think not, and neither do millions of Americans. We resent state, local or national government endorsement and subsidization of anyone's god in public spaces and on currency, for example.
Posted by: bdunn1 | March 6, 2010 5:42 AM
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I do not think that having conversations with your friends about what you believe is the same thing as proselytizing.
Posted by: DanielintheLionsDen | March 5, 2010 4:26 PM
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